@article{ author = {Akbar Faydei}, title = {The Role of Muslim Peripatetics in the Development of Aristotelian Logic}, journal = {History of Philasophy}, volume = {4}, number = {13}, page = {95-112}, year = {2019}, publisher = { Iranian Society of History of Philosophy}, issn = {2008-9589}, eissn = {2676-5160}, doi = {}, abstract = {Before Aristotle, some of the topics in the science of logic had appeared in a scattered form in the words of the great Zeno, Plato, Socrates, and some Sophists. However, Aristotle was the first scholar to compile theoretical logic and classify its topics into related parts and chapters in a book. Based on his own epistemological principles, he propounded predicative logic. From among his most important logical ideas, we can refer to predicative reasoning and categorical syllogism. After Aristotle, another school of logic entitled Stoic-Megarian was developed in Greece by other logicians such as Philo, Diodorus, Megari, Zeno, and Chrysippus. Unlike Aristotelian logic, this new school dealt with conditional logic. Megarians’ detection of compound conditional syllogisms and Stoics’ detection of other compound syllogisms, such as conjunctive and disjunctive propositions and the forms of connected and disconnected syllogisms, created conditional logic. Therefore, the logical legacy of Greece consists of two Aristotelian and Stoic-Megarian Schools. Muslim Peripatetics, who were well-aware of Greeks’ logical legacy, diverted from the method of Greek philosophers in devising the science of logic. In addition to reducing some logical problems, such as the problem of categories, the differentiated discussion of poetry, rhetoric, and dialectics, as well as some changes in other areas such as conversion, and descriptive definitions, they played an influential role in the development and advancement of the science of logic. In this paper, some of these changes have been discussed. }, keywords = {predicative logic conditional logic Avicennian logic Peripatetics }, title_fa = {نقش مشائيان مسلمان در تحول و توسعه‌ منطق ارسطويي}, abstract_fa = {قبل از ارسطو برخي از مباحث علم منطق در سخنان زنون كبير، سوفسطائيان، سقراط و افلاطون بصورت پراكنده آمده است، اما ارسطو نخستين كسي است كه منطق نظري را جمع‌آوري و با تعيين ابواب و فصول تدوين نموده است. او براساس مباني معرفت‌شناختي خود، منطق حملي را مطرح ميکند که بحث استدلال حملي و قياس حملي از مهمترين آراء وي بشمار ميرود. پس از ارسطو، مکتب منطقي ديگري توسط منطقياني همچون فيلون، دئودروس مگاري، زنون و خروسيپوس رواقي در يونان تحت عنوان منطق رواقي ـ مگاري بوجود آمد که برخلاف منطق ارسطويي به منطق شرطي ميپرداخت. شناسايي قضاياي مرکب شرطي توسط مگاريان و شناسايي ساير قضاياي مرکب مانند عطفي و فصلي و صور قياس اتصالي و انفصالي توسط رواقيان، منطق شرطي را پديد آورد. بنابرين، ميراث منطقي يونان عبارت از دو مکتب ارسطويي و مکتب رواقي ـ مگاري است. مشائيان مسلمان که بخوبي از ميراث منطقي يونان آگاه بودند؛ از روش فلاسفه‌ يونان در تدوين علم منطق عدول کردند. آنها علاوه بر كاستن برخي مسائل منطقي از قبيل مقولات و بحث تفصيلي شعر و خطابه و جدل و جابجايي برخي ديگر مثل عكس و حد و رسم، با ابتكارات و نوآوريهاي متعدد خود نقش مؤثري در تحول و پيشرفت علم منطق ايفا كردند كه ما در اين نوشتار به تبيين برخي از آنها ميپردازيم. }, keywords_fa = {منطق حملي منطق شرطي منطق سينوي مشائيان }, URL = {rimag.ir/fa/Article/23447}, eprint = {rimag.ir/fa/Article/Download/23447},