@article{ author = {محمود هدایت افزاandMohammad Javad Rezaeirah}, title = {Historical Development of the Concept of Hyle (Matter) in the Works of Muslim Thinkers}, journal = {History of Philasophy}, volume = {8}, number = {31}, page = {55-78}, year = {2018}, publisher = { Iranian Society of History of Philosophy}, issn = {2008-9589}, eissn = {2676-5160}, doi = {}, abstract = {As generally acknowledged, the term “hyle” in Peripatetic philosophy has been derived from Aristotle’s views on matter and form or potency and act. Although this term has been defined as “matter lacking actuality and enjoying pure potency” in Islamic philosophy, a study of the works of Muslim thinkers reveals that, because of the integration of some philosophical views with gnostic ideas as well as the influence of Islamic teachings, this term has undergone different semantic changes. As a result, in some schools of philosophy, it has been consciously employed to refer to actual affairs. Below, the writers have provided eight meanings for “hyle”, which are listed in their chronological order of formulation: 1. Matter lacking any kind of actuality and enjoying pure potency, as accepted by Peripatetic philosophers and equivalent to its Aristotelian concept. 2. The fourth level of being, for the Isma‘ilite, which is posterior to the soul and prior to nature. 3. Pure substantial continuity, in some of Suhrawardi’s works, which, along with accidental quantity, constitutes the truth of body. 4. Matter inclusive of all possible worlds and an otherworldly expression of simple existence in the view of some gnostics. 5. One of the modes of form in line with Mulla Sadra’s view of the unitary integration of matter and form. 6. An equivalent to possible existence or created thing’s divine aspect (Face of God) in the view of Shaykh Ihsa’ei. 7. An expansion of the Aristotelian concept of prime hyle under the title of the dark nature of essence in Tafkik (separation) School. 8. An application of the matter of world to the element of water based on the religious texts of Tafkik School of thought. }, keywords = {Hyle pure potency substantial continuity simple existence modes of form Face of God dark nature of essence water of the world }, title_fa = {سير تطوّرات اصطلاح هيولاي اولي در آثار انديشمندان مسلمان}, abstract_fa = {ميدانيم اصطلاح «هيولاي اولي» در فلسفة مشّاء منبعث از آراء ارسطو در باب ماده و صورت يا قوه و فعل است. اگرچه اين عنوان با وصف «امري فاقد فعليت و صرف قابليت» در فلسفة اسلامي شهرت دارد، ليکن با تأمل در آثار انديشمندان مسلمان مشاهده ميشود که بدليل تلفيق برخي آراء فلسفي با ايده‌هاي عرفاني و تأثيرپذيري از معارف اسلامي، تطوّرات معنايي گوناگوني در اين اصطلاح رخ داده است؛ بطوري که در بعضي از مکاتب فکري، بنحو آگاهانه، بر امور بالفعل نيز اطلاق شده است. در نوشتار حاضر هشت معنا از «هيولاي اولي» احصاء گرديده که بترتيب زماني بدين‌قرارند: 1. امري فاقد هر نوع فعليت و صرف قابليت نزد مشّائيان که معادل مفهوم ارسطويي آن است. 2. مرتبه‌ چهارم هستي در نزد اسماعيليه که متأخر از نفس و مقدّم بر طبيعت است. 3. صرف اتصال جوهري در برخي کلمات شيخ‌اشراق که به همراه مقدار عرضي حقيقت جسم را تشکيل ميدهد. 4. ماده جميع عوالم امکاني و عبارت اخراي وجود منبسط در اصطلاح برخي عرفا 5. حيثيتي از حيثيات صورت در راستاي قول به ترکيب اتحادي ماده و صورت نزد ملاصدرا 6. معادل وجود امکاني يا وجه‌الرّب مخلوقات در اصطلاح شيخ احسائي 7. بسط مفهوم ارسطويي هيولاي اولي تحت عنوان ماهيت ظلماني‌الذّات در مکتب تفکيک 8. اطلاق هيولاي عالم بر ماء بسيط به استناد نصوص ديني در مکتب تفکيک }, keywords_fa = {مادة اولي قوة محض اتصال جوهري وجود منبسط حيثيات صورت وجه‌الرّب ماهيت ظلماني¬الذّات ماء عالم }, URL = {rimag.ir/fa/Article/23330}, eprint = {rimag.ir/fa/Article/Download/23330},